Dual Authorization

Dual authorization is a security control requiring two independent approvals before sensitive actions can be executed in AI systems, such as model deployments or data access changes. This practice prevents unauthorized modifications and reduces the risk of malicious or erroneous changes by distributing decision-making authority across multiple stakeholders. For enterprises managing high-risk AI applications, dual authorization strengthens compliance with regulatory requirements around system integrity and auditability while also serving as a practical safeguard against insider threats.

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ResearchGlobal2026-09-24

AI Cuts Phishing Costs 95%, Breaking Human-Vigilance Security Controls

A CSO Online analysis draws on a Schneier and Heiding study to show AI has reduced phishing campaign costs by over 95%. The piece argues that AI simultaneously degrades the detection cues workers rely on and saturates cognitive capacity, rendering vigilance-dependent controls structurally insufficient. The practical implication is that procedural controls at the transaction level, such as mandatory callbacks and dual authorization, must now carry the weight that email screening once held.

AI-enabled phishing business email compromise human oversight social engineering enterprise controls dual authorization fraud prevention