AI Governance Institute
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Operational Technology

Operational technology (OT) is the hardware and software that monitors and controls physical equipment, such as factory robots, power grid switches, water treatment systems, and building controls. As companies add AI to these systems, for example to predict equipment failures or optimize energy use, the stakes shift from data breaches to physical harm, outages, and safety incidents. Compliance and risk teams need to account for OT under safety regulations and critical infrastructure rules, which often apply separately from standard IT security requirements.

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